Setting "PubkeyAuthentication" off doesn't enable any other kind of authentication. You're likely going to need to log in from Lish now and re-enable that, since it sounds like you've turned off all authentication methods:
https://library.linode.com/using-lish-the-linode-shellOnce you've enabled PubkeyAuthentication again, you want to put the public key from the other system in the same authorized_keys file you put the first public key in. You can get the public key there however you'd like: it isn't secret, you can throw it in a pastebin or copy it via the first system, etc.
- Les